{"id":63745,"date":"2018-09-01T17:05:40","date_gmt":"2018-09-01T15:05:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/?p=63745"},"modified":"2018-09-01T16:03:38","modified_gmt":"2018-09-01T14:03:38","slug":"07-09-26","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/?p=63745","title":{"rendered":"Fania Kaplan -30 sierpnia 1918 r. Zamach na Lenina"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>30 sierpnia 1918 r. Zamach na Lenina<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

Igor Rakowski-K\u0142os<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Zamach na Lenina (Fot. Gazeta.tv)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"Fanya Yefimovna Kaplan<\/b>\u00a0(Russian:\u00a0\u0424\u0430\u0301\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0415\u0444\u0438\u0301\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u043d<\/span>; real name\u00a0Feiga Haimovna Roytblat<\/b>,\u00a0\u0424\u0435\u0439\u0433\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0442<\/span>; February 10, 1890 \u2013 September 3, 1918) was a member of the\u00a0Socialist Revolutionary Party<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0who allegedly tried to assassinate\u00a0Vladimir Lenin<\/strong><\/span><\/a>.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

As a member of the\u00a0Socialist Revolutionaries<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0(SRs), Kaplan viewed Lenin as a \u2018traitor to the revolution\u2019, when his\u00a0Bolsheviks<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0banned her party. On 30 August 1918, she approached Lenin as he was leaving a Moscow factory, and fired three shots, badly injuring him. Interrogated by the\u00a0Cheka<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, she refused to name any accomplices, and was shot on 3 September. The Kaplan attempt and the\u00a0Moisei Uritsky<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0assassination provoked the Soviet government to reinstitute the\u00a0death penalty<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0after its\u00a0abolition on October 28th, 1917<\/strong><\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

There is some confusion as to Kaplan’s birth name.\u00a0Vera Figner<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, in her memoirs,\u00a0At Women’s\u00a0Katorga<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/i>,<\/strong><\/span> gives the name Feiga Khaimovna Roytblat-Kaplan (\u0424\u0435\u0439\u0433\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0442-\u041a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d). Other sources give her original family name as \u0420\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d (transliterated from Russian as Roytman, which corresponds to the common German\/Yiddish name Reutemann). She is also sometimes called “Dora.”[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Kaplan was born into a Jewish family, as one of seven children<\/span>.<\/strong> She became a political revolutionary at an early age and joined a\u00a0socialist<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0group, the\u00a0Socialist Revolutionaries<\/strong><\/span><\/a>. In 1906, when she was 16 years old, Kaplan was arrested in Kiev over her involvement in a\u00a0terrorist<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0bomb plot, and committed for life to the\u00a0katorga<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0(a hard-labor prison camp). She served in the\u00a0Maltsev<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Akatuy prisons<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0of\u00a0Nerchinsk katorga<\/strong><\/span><\/a>,\u00a0Siberia<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, where she lost her sight (partially restored later). She was kept in the Maltzevskaya prison, where she was severely\u00a0caned<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0on her bare body as disciplinary corporal punishment.[2]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0Fully undressed corporal punishment was not usual for political prisoners at that time. She was released on March 3, 1917, after the\u00a0February Revolution<\/strong><\/span><\/a>\u00a0overthrew the imperial government. As a result of her imprisonment, Kaplan suffered from continuous headaches and periods of blindness.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

W\u00f3dz bolszewik\u00f3w sko\u0144czy\u0142 w\u0142a\u015bnie przemawia\u0107 w moskiewskiej fabryce Michelsona i zmierza do auta. Kiedy mia\u0142 wsi\u0105\u015b\u0107, rozleg\u0142y si\u0119 trzy strza\u0142y. Strzela\u0142a Fania Kaplan; Lenina trafi\u0142y dwie kule, jedna w rami\u0119, druga spowodowa\u0142a gro\u017an\u0105 ran\u0119 mi\u0119dzy szcz\u0119k\u0105 i karkiem. Kaplan zezna\u0142a, \u017ce postanowi\u0142a zg\u0142adzi\u0107 Lenina, bo jest zdrajc\u0105 rewolucji. Kierownictwo zwalczanej przez bolszewik\u00f3w partii eserowc\u00f3w (Socjalist\u00f3w-Rewolucjonist\u00f3w) wypar\u0142o si\u0119 zwi\u0105zk\u00f3w z zamachem. Kaplan, kt\u00f3ra by\u0142a w autonomicznej grupie eserowskich terroryst\u00f3w poluj\u0105cych na bolszewickich przyw\u00f3dc\u00f3w, zosta\u0142a stracona w 1918 roku. Lenin \u017cy\u0142 jeszcze prawie sze\u015b\u0107 lat, lecz zamach nadszarpn\u0105\u0142 mu zdrowie i przyczyni\u0142 si\u0119 do \u015bmierci w wieku 54 lat.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

30 sierpnia 1918 r. Zamach na Lenina Igor Rakowski-K\u0142os Zamach na Lenina (Fot. Gazeta.tv) Fanya Yefimovna Kaplan\u00a0(Russian:\u00a0\u0424\u0430\u0301\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u0415\u0444\u0438\u0301\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u043d; real name\u00a0Feiga Haimovna Roytblat,\u00a0\u0424\u0435\u0439\u0433\u0430 \u0425\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0442; February 10, 1890 \u2013 September 3, 1918) was a member of the\u00a0Socialist Revolutionary Party\u00a0who allegedly tried to assassinate\u00a0Vladimir Lenin. As a member of the\u00a0Socialist Revolutionaries\u00a0(SRs), Kaplan viewed Lenin as a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[26,24],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63745"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=63745"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63745\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":63753,"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63745\/revisions\/63753"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=63745"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=63745"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.reunion68.se\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=63745"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}