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Tolo mieszka z Ukrainką, Pola jedzie do Izraela. Jak dziś opowiadać o poszukiwaniu tożsamości

‘Podróżnicy’ (Fot. Shutterstock)


Tolo mieszka z Ukrainką, Pola jedzie do Izraela. Jak dziś opowiadać o poszukiwaniu tożsamości

Witold Mrozek


Z trzech sztuk dwie podejmują temat migracji i tożsamości – warto się im przyjrzeć, bo nie są to dziś tematy, po które polski teatr chętnie by sięgał. Przeczytać Mossakowskiego można choćby po to, żeby się z nim pokłócić.

Paweł Mossakowski, wieloletni recenzent filmowy “Gazety Co Jest Grane” i doświadczony producent filmowy, jest też nagradzanym dramatopisarzem. Właśnie ukazał się zbiór jego sztuk “Podróżnicy” – tom obyczajowych opowieści z publicystycznym zacięciem.

Między Polską, Szwecją, Izraelem

Tytułowi „Podróżnicy”, najpoważniejszy dramat tomu, przedstawiają losy pary polskich Żydów, Poli i Kuby, na tle przemian Polski i ich własnych tożsamości. W pierwszym, najdłuższym akcie są młodymi, zakochanymi ludźmi, których rozdzielają Marzec 1968 i nasilająca się nagonka, za którą odpowiada nie tylko rządząca partia, ale też zwykli ludzie – w sklepie czy na ulicy. To nie tylko utrata pracy, docinki czy szykany, ale też przemoc fizyczna. Nietrudno dopatrzyć się tu aluzji do dzisiejszych nacjonalistycznych kampanii nienawiści. Niestety, trafnych. „Bo robi się atmosfera. A w atmosferze żulia czuje się bezkarna” – mówi synowi Fryda, matka Kuby.

Czas drugiego aktu przypada na drugą połowę lat 70. XX wieku – mowa o strajkach w Ursusie i Radomiu, powstaniu KOR-u. Kuba odwiedza Polę w Szwecji. Wyjechał z Polski na chwilę, jest gastarbeiterem. W kraju wydaje wiersze w samizdacie, trzyma z opozycją. Ona ma męża i stabilne życie, ale myśli o kolejnym wyjeździe. Jednocześnie wzmacnia się w niej tożsamość żydowska, którą wiąże z Izraelem.

Trzeci akt rozgrywa się w latach 90. Kuba odwiedza Polę w Izraelu i opowiada o kraju, gdzie się urodzili, o który walczył i w którym ostatecznie został dobrze zarabiającym wydawcą. Mówi, że w Polsce „…dziś wypada być Europejczykiem, światłym i otwartym. Ale to wszystko wisi na cienkim włosku. Za piękną fasadą jest ciemnota, ksenofobia, masa kompleksów i zawiści. I ta druga Polska dojdzie kiedyś do głosu. A nie chciałbym wtedy w niej mieszkać” – i dlatego chce wyemigrować tam, gdzie dawna ukochana.

Kuba, świeżo przybyły z Polski, ma w sobie wiele więcej wiary w izraelskie państwo niż mieszkająca tam od lat Pola. Jej syn, były żołnierz, został ciężko okaleczony w wojsku – ale nie na wojnie, tylko w wypadku podczas ćwiczeń. Jest mowa o jakichś wojnach w przeszłości i grożących w przyszłości, ale z kim te wojny – o tym mowy nie ma. Izrael spotyka tu jednak też sporo krytyki. Pola sceptycznie mówi o militaryzacji Izraela, jednocześnie jej wybór miejsca do życia jest zdecydowany i za nim stoi. I jej biografia tłumaczy dlaczego. „Podróżników” Teatr Żydowski w Warszawie wystawił w marcu 2023 roku.

Polski malarz, ukraińska sprzątaczka

W „Kotach” głównym bohaterem jest Tolo, artysta malarz po pięćdziesiątce, rozdarty między dwoma kobietami: Doris, żoną na emigracji w USA, i ukraińską imigrantką Iriną, która sprząta w jego domu i z którą coś zaczyna go łączyć. Wątek migracji znów jest istotny – Irina mimo traumatycznych wspomnień radzi sobie w Polsce nieźle, Doris w Stanach – chyba gorzej. Tolo nie chce zmian, nie chce dołączyć do żony, zostawiać swojego języka i swojego życia.

Jednocześnie dookoła trwają, jak się zdaje, rządy PiS. Tolo ma z nimi problem jako artysta cenzurowany przez Ministerstwo Kultury. Trochę szkoda, że ten wątek osuwa się w za łatwą parodię i groteskę. I nie mam tu na myśli tego, że to, co robił PiS, nie było straszne. Dużo straszniejsze niż parodiowane u Mossakowskiego debaty medialne czasów „dobrej zmiany” (czy to źle, że na obrazie orzeł zwraca głowę w lewą stronę?) były mechanizmy konformizmu czy zwyczajnej niechęci do uznanych artystów, które sprawiały, że na takie analityczne dylematy w rzeczywistej Polsce PiS nie byłoby po prostu miejsca. Skądinąd, głowa orła patrzy w lewo, bo obok miała być druga – jak na bizantyjskim godle również i dzisiejszej Rosji. Twórca nie dokończył obrazu, bo się zawahał – i ten moment zawahania oraz wycofania się, samodzielnej rezygnacji z mocnego gestu, jest dla mnie ciekawszy niż parodiowani tu przygłupi telewizyjni krytycy.

Skróty dramaturgiczne chwilami może za łatwo zmieniają się u Mossakowskiego w skróty myślowe. Jak przy Doris, która szybko dostaje pracę na amerykańskim uniwersytecie, ale też bardzo szybko ją traci, bo zwraca się do osoby studenckiej niewłaściwymi zaimkami. Dzisiejsze konflikty tożsamościowe i kulturowe są trochę zbyt ważne i złożone, by sprowadzać je do jednego grepsu, nawet w ramach symetrii uzupełnionej molestującym szefem w innej pracy, jakby z drugiej strony. Zbyt duża kondensacja nie służy ważnym, niełatwym i skomplikowanym tematom, które Mossakowski podejmuje. Przynajmniej w lekturze. Jak będzie na scenie?

Z drugiej strony w tych historiach – mieszczących w sobie wiele mniejszych podhistorii, trochę zbyt ciasno upchanych – sporo jest nieco niedzisiejszego, w dobrym sensie, ciepła. Nawet jeśli przydarza się ono na chwilę. Jak wtedy, gdy w „Kotach” Irina i Tolo zbliżają się do siebie albo gdy zbliżają się do siebie znów Pola i Kuba.


Paweł Mossakowski, „Podróżnicy”, wydawnictwo Moc Media, Warszawa 2026

Paweł Mossakowski, 'Podróżnicy', wydawnictwo Moc Media, Warszawa 2026

Paweł Mossakowski, ‘Podróżnicy’, wydawnictwo Moc Media, Warszawa 2026 Fot. Materiały prasowe


Redagowała Agata Żelazowska


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Iran’s War on the Arabs: Time for the Gulf to Stand with Israel


Iran’s War on the Arabs: Time for the Gulf to Stand with Israel

Khaled Abu Toameh


  • Over the past week, the Iranian regime has demonstrated once again that its ambitions extend far beyond destroying Israel.
  • It is a war against the entire Middle East and, ultimately, against the United States and the West.
  • Tehran then launched missiles and drones not only against US assets but also against infrastructure in Arab countries across the Gulf, in addition to Jordan, presumably so they would pressure US President Donald J. Trump to call off US firepower and return instead to waste-of-time negotiations for a waste-of-time “deal” that Iran would not honor in the first place.
  • In reality, the negotiations have been worse than a waste of time… The negotiations actually caused harm. They gave the regime time to retrieve missiles it had hidden and to resume firing, with targeting assistance from China and Russia, on US forces and allies in the Gulf.
  • Iranian regime ideology rejects peaceful coexistence and normalization between Arabs and Israelis — as does the ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood, currently embodied by Qatar and Turkey.
  • Taken together, these terrorist organizations form what Tehran proudly calls the “Axis of Resistance.” It is, in reality, an axis of terrorism. Its purpose is not just to destroy Israel. Its objective is to spread Iran’s revolutionary Shiite Islamist ideology, undermine moderate Arab governments, expel American influence from the Middle East, and ultimately wage jihad (holy war) against the West.
  • The Arab states therefore have every reason to openly align themselves with the United States and Israel in confronting the Iranian threat.
  • This is not about choosing sides in someone else’s conflict. It is about defending their own sovereignty, their own interests, their own citizens, and their own future.
  • The lesson of the past week: So long as the regime in Tehran remains committed to exporting its “Islamic Revolution” and maintaining its network of terrorist proxies, there can be no genuine security or stability in the Middle East.
  • Until the Iranian regime abandons its expansionist ambitions or loses the capacity to pursue them, the Middle East will remain trapped in recurring cycles of violence. Until then, the Arab states would be wise to recognize that this is their fight as much as Israel’s.

Over the past week, the Iranian regime has demonstrated once again that its ambitions extend far beyond destroying Israel. Tehran has launched an unprecedented campaign of missile and drone attacks against several Arab states, targeting critical infrastructure, ships, airports, oil facilities, power stations, desalination plants, ports and even residential neighborhoods. Pictured: Flames and smoke from an Iranian drone attack next to Dubai International Airport on March 16, 2026. (Photo by AFP via Getty Images)

For decades, governments of many Arab states have viewed Iran’s aggression primarily through the prism of its conflict with Israel. That illusion has now been shattered.

Over the past week, the Iranian regime has demonstrated once again that its ambitions extend far beyond destroying Israel. Tehran has launched an unprecedented campaign of missile and drone attacks against several Arab states, targeting critical infrastructure, ships, airports, oil facilities, power stations, desalination plants, ports and even residential neighborhoods.

These attacks should remove any doubt: Iran’s war is not only against Israel. It is a war against the entire Middle East and, ultimately, against the United States and the West.

The latest escalation also exposes the fatal flaw in the Memorandum of Understanding signed between Washington and Tehran only weeks earlier. The agreement was supposed to reduce tensions and guarantee safe navigation through the Strait of Hormuz. Instead, Iran immediately violated its commitments.

Beginning on July 6, Iran resumed attacks on commercial ships in the Strait of Hormuz, despite pledging to ensure safe passage for international vessels. The attacks prompted American military strikes against Iranian targets. Tehran then launched missiles and drones not only against US assets but also against infrastructure in Arab countries across the Gulf, in addition to Jordan, presumably so they would pressure US President Donald J. Trump to call off US firepower and return instead to waste-of-time negotiations for a waste-of-time “deal” that Iran would not honor in the first place.

The Iranian regime has never demonstrated any willingness to abide by agreements if they conflict with its revolutionary ideology or strategic objectives. The latest memorandum of understanding between Iran and the US has gone the way of countless previous understandings with Tehran: reduced to little more than worthless paper.

In reality, the negotiations have been worse than a waste of time, except to see if any deal might be possible with a regime that just murdered more than 50,000 of its own citizens in January alone. The negotiations actually caused harm. They gave the regime time to retrieve missiles it had hidden and to resume firing, with targeting assistance from China and Russia, on US forces and allies in the Gulf.

This chain of events is hardly surprising, and the same disaster applies to Iran’s terrorist proxies.

Hamas repeatedly violated ceasefire agreements before launching its October 7, 2023 invasion of Israel. Hezbollah has ignored international resolutions demanding its disarmament while repeatedly violating ceasefire agreements. Yemen’s Houthis have continued attacking international shipping despite multiple diplomatic initiatives and understandings.

Negotiating with terrorist organizations or the regime that sponsors them has consistently produced the same result: more violence and terrorism.

The current wave of Iranian attacks illustrates precisely why.

Over the past few months, Iran has carried out sustained missile and drone attacks against at least seven Arab countries.

Commercial vessels in the Strait of Hormuz were struck. Kuwait, Bahrain, and Jordan came under coordinated missile and drone attacks. Qatar was targeted for a second time in one week. Kuwait suffered direct hits on an oil facility, a power station, and a desalination plant, and was forced to suspend flights at Kuwait International Airport. Saudi Arabia issued emergency missile alerts as Iranian projectiles threatened its territory.

Even Oman, which has long maintained cordial relations with Tehran and served as an intermediary between Iran and the US, was not spared.

Tehran claims that it targets only American military facilities. Reality tells a different story.

Civilians have been killed, residential areas struck, and airports, hotels, ports, oil facilities and other civilian infrastructure have suffered significant damage.

These are not attacks on military facilities. They are acts of state terrorism, targeting purely civilian infrastructure and designed to intimidate entire societies.

The Arab League was correct in condemning the attacks as “heinous and reckless” violations of Arab states’ sovereignty. It warned that Iran’s actions represent “a serious and unprecedented escalation threatening the security and stability of the entire region.”

The Arab League also reaffirmed its “full solidarity and unwavering support” for the Arab countries targeted by Iran.

These statements are welcome, but words alone will not stop the Iranian regime.

For years, Iran has systematically built an empire of armed proxies across the Arab world. Iran dominates Lebanon through Hezbollah. It exercises enormous influence over Iraq through Shiite militias. It transformed Yemen’s Houthis into a heavily armed force capable of threatening one of the world’s most important maritime trade routes. It continues to bankroll Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. Iran’s influence extends deep into Syria as well.

Taken together, these terrorist organizations form what Tehran proudly calls the “Axis of Resistance.” It is, in reality, an axis of terrorism. Its purpose is not just to destroy Israel. Its objective is to spread Iran’s revolutionary Shiite Islamist ideology, undermine moderate Arab governments, expel American influence from the Middle East, and ultimately wage jihad (holy war) against the West.

That agenda was underscored this week in a statement attributed to Iran’s Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei, declaring that “the American enemy” should prepare for “unforgettable lessons” from Iran and the “Axis of Resistance.”

This is not the language of a regime seeking peace. It is the language of a regime openly threatening continued war.

Iran’s aggression is steadily eroding whatever sympathy it once enjoyed among many Arabs. The regime’s true face has become impossible to conceal. This new belligerence should be a turning point for Arab governments.

According to the news website MBN:

“Ahmed Alkhuzei, a leading analyst in Bahrain, said that as the war drags on, people increasingly experience its consequences in their daily lives. As a result, he said, they are more likely to see Tehran not as a victim but as a destabilizing force whose actions directly threaten their security and prosperity.

“‘Iran is being recast from a distant geopolitical actor into the immediate source of instability,’ he told MBN.”

Iran is not merely Israel’s problem. Its missiles threaten Gulf capitals. Its proxies destabilize Arab governments. Its attacks endanger Arab economies. Iranian regime ideology rejects peaceful coexistence and normalization between Arabs and Israelis — as does the ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood, currently embodied by Qatar and Turkey.

One of Tehran’s principal strategic objectives has always been to sabotage the Abraham Accords and prevent further normalization between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Iran understands that regional peace and cooperation weaken its revolutionary narrative and diminish the influence of its terrorist proxies.

The Arab states therefore have every reason to openly align themselves with the United States and Israel in confronting the Iranian threat.

This is not about choosing sides in someone else’s conflict. It is about defending their own sovereignty, their own interests, their own citizens, and their own future.

The lesson of the past week: So long as the regime in Tehran remains committed to exporting its “Islamic Revolution” and maintaining its network of terrorist proxies, there can be no genuine security or stability in the Middle East.

The Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding has already collapsed: it rested on the false assumption that the Iranian regime could be trusted to honor its commitments. The Islamic Republic’s own history, and its latest missile and drone attacks against the Arab world, prove otherwise.

Peace cannot be built upon deals with a regime that views every agreement merely as another tactical pause in its long war against the US, Israel, and its Arab neighbors.

Until the Iranian regime abandons its expansionist ambitions or loses the capacity to pursue them, the Middle East will remain trapped in recurring cycles of violence. Until then, the Arab states would be wise to recognize that this is their fight as much as Israel’s.


Khaled Abu Toameh is an award-winning journalist based in Jerusalem.


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‘This Is Our Holy Mission’: Accused Hamas Financier Tied to Official Who Denied Oct. 7 Atrocities on Piers Morgan


‘This Is Our Holy Mission’: Accused Hamas Financier Tied to Official Who Denied Oct. 7 Atrocities on Piers Morgan

Debbie Weiss


Hamas fighters on Feb. 22, 2025. Photo: Majdi Fathi via Reuters Connect

A Turkish man accused by US prosecutors of funneling money and supplies to Hamas through a purported humanitarian organization worked closely with Ghazi Hamad, the senior Hamas official who on Monday used an interview with British broadcaster Piers Morgan to deny that the terror group deliberately murdered and abducted civilians on Oct. 7. 

Mohammad Yousef Hasna, 45, from Istanbul, was arrested Friday in Britain and ordered held while the US seeks his extradition to New York. He faces charges of conspiring to provide material support to Hamas, conspiring to finance terrorism and financing terrorism, each carrying a maximum sentence of 20 years in prison. 

Prosecutors said Hasna used a senior position in what they described as a sham international humanitarian organization to deliver food, supplies and funding to Hamas, working closely with the group’s senior leadership. The US government said he had worked with Hamad, a member of Hamas’s governing body and its current spokesman, since at least 2023. 

Hamad appeared Monday on “Piers Morgan Uncensored,” where he denied that Hamas had deliberately targeted civilians during the Oct. 7 attack, saying that “maybe there were some mistakes by individual” Hamas operatives and insisting that “it is not our thinking” to kill civilians. Morgan challenged him over the killing of civilians and seizure of hostages, accusing Hamas of crossing “every moral, ethical and humanity line.”

Asked when Hamas would disarm under the US-backed Gaza agreement, Hamad did not give a date. He said the group had accepted the deal because of “forced necessity” and the conditions in Gaza, but added that Hamas had not changed its “mentality” or its goal of ending what it calls the “occupation,” even though Israel withdrew from the Gaza Strip in 2005. 

“This is our holy mission,” Hamad said, adding that Hamas might pursue it through “different tactics, different tools, different methods.”

Morgan also pressed Hamad over Hamas’s treatment of the hostages abducted on Oct. 7. Hamad claimed the group had been “very, very kind” to them, saying they were fed and provided with “all kinds of protection and shelter.” 

The British broadcaster, who has come under fire for featuring controversial guests including former Pink Floyd frontman Roger Waters, who went on an anti-Israel tirade on Morgan’s show, then confronted Hamad with remarks he made weeks after the attack that appeared to contradict his denial that Hamas intended to kill civilians. In an Oct. 24, 2023 interview with Lebanon’s LBC television, Hamad said the Oct. 7 assault was “just the first time, and there will be a second, a third, a fourth,” and vowed that Hamas would continue until Israel was destroyed.

“It is not our thinking. It is not our mentality to kill civilians,” Hamad told Morgan.

Hamad had previously headed Hamas’s Ministry of Social Development, which prosecutors said Hasna coordinated with while arranging aid deliveries. 

NGO Monitor, a Jerusalem-based research group that examines foreign charities’ dealings with the ministry and UN agencies operating in Gaza, said the allegations against Hasna point to a larger pattern of Hamas exploiting international aid networks. 

“The systematic diversion of millions in aid has been used to finance the terror infrastructure used in the October 7 atrocities. This arrest and extradition request reflects a growing recognition, at least in Washington, of the urgent need to disrupt Hamas’ financing structures,” NGO Monitor founder and president Gerald Steinberg said.

According to Steinberg, Hamad should never have been featured on Piers Morgan. 

“As an architect of the October 7 atrocities and head of the MoSD, Hamad’s rightful place is in court, not as a celebrity guest,” Steinberg told The Algemeiner.

NGO Monitor said it had documented coordination between the ministry and several US-based nonprofits, including Mercy Corps, American Near East Refugee Aid, known as ANERA, and Rahma Worldwide, which together have received more than $100 million from the US Agency for International Development, or USAID, the federal foreign-aid agency whose operations were shut down by the Trump administration in 2025 and largely transferred to the State Department. The groups have worked with the ministry on projects involving cash assistance, construction and other aid programs. 


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Senat nie zgodził się na powołanie dr. Mateusza Szpytmy na stanowisko prezesa IPN

Warszawa, 6.08.2026. Wiceprezes Instytutu Pamięci Narodwej Mateusz Szpytma w Senacie w Warszawie. Fot. PAP/Leszek Szymański


Senat nie zgodził się na powołanie dr. Mateusza Szpytmy na stanowisko prezesa IPN

ksi/ miś/


Senat nie zgodził się w czwartek na powołanie dr. Mateusza Szpytmy na stanowisko prezesa Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej. W głosowaniu poparło go 38 senatorów, 50 było przeciw, 1 senator wstrzymał się od głosu. Oznacza to, że procedura związana z konkursem na prezesa IPN rozpocznie się od nowa.

To drugie podejście parlamentu do obsadzenia wakatu po Karolu Nawrockim, który w sierpniu ubiegłego roku objął urząd prezydenta. Poprzednia próba zakończyła się niepowodzeniem w listopadzie, kiedy Sejm odrzucił kandydaturę dr. hab. Karola Polejowskiego.

Zgodnie z ustawą o Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej prezesa IPN powołuje i odwołuje Sejm zwykłą większością głosów, za zgodą Senatu, na wniosek Kolegium IPN, które zgłasza kandydata spoza swojego grona. Kadencja prezesa trwa pięć lat.

17 lipca Sejm głosował nad powołaniem dr. Mateusza Szpytmę na prezesa Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej. Kandydata rekomendowanego przez Kolegium IPN poparły wówczas kluby PiS, Konfederacji, a także PSL. Przeciw zaś były Koalicja Obywatelska i Lewica. W czwartek w izbie wyższej za kandydaturą Szpytmy zagłosowało 38 senatorów, 50 było przeciw, 1 senator wstrzymał się od głosu. Oznacza to, że procedura związana z konkursem na prezesa IPN rozpocznie się od nowa. Nie zamyka to drogi Szpytmie do ponownego wzięcia udziału w konkursie.

– Nie jestem człowiekiem, który – gdybym został prezesem – będzie robił rewolucję w Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej. Jestem człowiekiem, który woli ewolucję, woli drobnymi krokami zmieniać instytucję – zapewnił w czwartek w Senacie podczas debaty nad swoją kandydaturą Szpytma.

Senator KO Sławomir Rybicki mówił, że kandydatura dr. Szpytmy budzi u niego głębokie wątpliwości. – Trudno bowiem uznać ją za zapowiedź nowego otwarcia, skoro istnieje ryzyko, graniczące z pewnością, kontynuacji polityki prowadzonej przez ostatnią dekadę. Wbrew kreowanemu wizerunkowi osoby apolitycznej i stojącej ponad podziałami pan Mateusz Szpytma od lat należy do ścisłego kierownictwa Instytutu i jest jednym z najbardziej rozpoznawalnych przedstawicieli modelu zarządzania IPN-em, który doprowadził do głębokiego kryzysu tej instytucji – zaznaczył.

Wskazał także, że „Polska potrzebuje dziś Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej, który odzyska autorytet wynikający z niezależności, profesjonalizmu, bezkompromisowego szacunku dla prawdy”. – Instytutu, który znowu będzie służył całemu państwu i wszystkim obywatelom, a nie pozostanie narzędziem politycznym w jednej formacji politycznej – dodał.

Poparcie dla kandydatury Szpytmy wyraził Waldemar Pawlak. – W imieniu senatorów PSL przedstawiam pozytywną opinię i informuję Senat, że będziemy głosowali za powołaniem Mateusza Szpytmy na prezesa IPN – zadeklarował.

Ocenił, że jest to „kandydatura zbliżona do kompromisu, która pozwalałaby na pewną ewolucję całej instytucji, ewolucję w kierunku umiarkowanego i naukowego, uczciwego podejścia do naszej historii”.

– Jeżeli kandydatura nie zostanie przyjęta, trudno prorokować, jak dalej będzie postępowało Kolegium IPN, ale nie sądzę, żeby szukało kandydata, który będzie zupełnie nieodpowiadający poglądom członków kolegium Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej. (…) Biorąc pod uwagę stronę polityczną, wydaje się, że warto się nad tą kandydaturą spokojnie i rozważnie zastanowić – dodał.

Mateusz Szpytma z Instytutem Pamięci Narodowej związany jest od 2000 r. Stanowisko wiceprezesa objął dziesięć lat temu, gdy na czele instytutu stanął Jarosław Szarek. Wcześniej był ekspertem w Oddziałowej Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu w Krakowie, asystentem i wicedyrektorem sekretariatu prezesa Janusza Kurtyki. W latach 2015-2016 kierował Muzeum Polaków Ratujących Żydów podczas II Wojny Światowej im. Rodziny Ulmów w Markowej.

Sprawie ratowania Żydów przez Polaków podczas okupacji niemieckiej poświęcił kilka publikacji naukowych. Pisał też o historii polskiego ruchu ludowego po II wojnie światowej. Jeszcze podczas studiów (historia i nauki polityczne na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim) był uczestnikiem i współorganizatorem wypraw do Ukrainy, w trakcie których przeprowadzano inwentaryzację inskrypcji i herbów (m.in. w kościołach, pałacach i na pomnikach) wykonanych przed 1945 r.).

Rekomendowany przez Kolegium IPN na prezesa tej instytucji został 14 kwietnia. Pod koniec tego miesiąca ponad 170 historyków – m.in. dr hab. Dariusz Libionka, prof. Barbara Engelking, prof. Andrzej Friszke, prof. Antoni Dudek, prof. Paweł Machcewicz, prof. Marcin Kula, prof. Andrzej Leder, dr hab. Marcin Zaremba – podpisało się pod apelem do parlamentarzystów, by nie popierali Szpytmy na stanowisko prezesa IPN, bo ponosi on współodpowiedzialność za „skrajne upolitycznienie” IPN w ostatnich latach.

Stanowisko prezesa IPN jest nieobsadzone od sierpnia 2025 r., gdy pełniący tę funkcję od 2021 r. Karol Nawrocki został prezydentem RP. W listopadzie ub. roku Sejm nie dokonał wyboru rekomendowanego przez Kolegium IPN wiceprezesa Karola Polejowskiego, który kieruje obecnie pracami Instytutu.

Z powodu niewybrania przez parlament nowego prezesa IPN musi się odbyć nowy konkurs na to stanowisko. Od jego ogłoszenia będzie 30 dni na zgłoszenie kandydatur. Potem odbędzie się publiczne przesłuchanie kandydatów, którzy spełnili wymogi formalne. Spośród nich Kolegium IPN wybierze w tajnym głosowaniu osobę rekomendowaną parlamentowi.

Od 2023 r. w Kolegium IPN zasiadają: prof. dr hab. Andrzej Nowak, Bronisław Wildstein (wybrani przez Prezydenta RP), prof. dr hab. Jan Draus, prof. dr hab. Wojciech Polak (przewodniczący), dr hab. Mieczysław Ryba, prof. dr hab. Tadeusz Wolsza, Krzysztof Wyszkowski (wybrani przez Sejm RP), dr Bartosz Machalica, prof. dr hab. Grzegorz Motyka (wybrani przez Senat RP). Zgodnie z ustawą kadencja Kolegium IPN trwa siedem lat. (PAP)


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El-Sayed, the Democrats, AIPAC and the war on American Jews


El-Sayed, the Democrats, AIPAC and the war on American Jews

Jonathan S. Tobin


The Michigan primary was a referendum on the Jewish presence in the public square. The consequences of normalizing his antisemitism will impact much more than the pro-Israel group.

Michigan Democratic Senate primary winner Dr. Abdul El-Sayed arrives with his wife, Sarah Jukaku, at a press conference in front of the Spirit of Detroit statue in Detroit on Aug. 5, 2026. He faces former Republican Rep. Mike Rogers in November. Photo by Finn Gomez/Getty Images.

It would be difficult to underestimate the impact of Dr. Abdul El-Sayed on American politics. His victory in the Michigan Senate Democratic primary over Rep. Haley Stevens (D-Mich.) has inspired endless commentary and analysis about the sources of his personal appeal, the shortcomings of his opponent, the state of the electorate and the failures of pollsters to come even close to predicting the results. And it won’t be until we see how he fares against his Republican opponent, former Rep. Mike Rogers, in the general election, that we will have a better idea of how most Americans—and not just Democratic primary voters—feel about his beliefs.

But there should be no mistaking one thing: Democrats have given a person whose most important issue was demonizing Jewish participation in American politics a narrow plurality. By rallying around him and unifying behind his candidacy, as the defeated party establishment has already done, they are normalizing a hateful position against a segment of citizenry. They are declaring that politics driven by traditional tropes of antisemitism and money is not merely debatable, but a stand they can all get behind if it means winning a majority in the U.S. Senate.

Anti-Zionism is antisemitism

Like other public antisemites on the left and right, the 41-year-old El-Sayed has declared his love of the Jewish people and his “commitment to Jewish safety” after winning the primary by less than one percentage point—about 15,000 votes out of more than 1.5 million. Similar sentiments have been heard before by Democrats associated with the progressive “Squad” in the U.S. House of Representatives, like fellow Michigander Rashida Tlaib and Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-Minn.). New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani has also attempted to deflect justified charges of antisemitism. All of them, like El-Sayed’s pledges, are equally insincere.

He and other left-wing opponents of Israel claim that they are merely “criticizing” Israel’s current government and expressing sympathy for Palestinian Arabs in the Gaza Strip. They also say that by attacking the pro-Israel lobby AIPAC, they are merely decrying the influence of money in American politics and seeking to prevent special interests or a foreign country from attempting to “buy” Congress.

But these excuses aren’t merely deceptive. They are a flimsy cover for stands that seek not so much to put AIPAC in its place as to remove Jews from the American public square—other than those who join with Jew-haters to try to demonize a key aspect of Jewish identity and faith.

They do not “criticize” Israel as much as they wish to delegitimize the existence of the one Jewish state on the planet. They want to strip it of its rights and ability to defend itself against an international movement that seeks its destruction.

Their opposition to an “ethno-state” is limited only to the Jewish one and indifferent to the dozens that are Muslim. Their desire to rid the electoral system of the influence of campaign spending is limited to those individuals and entities that organize support for Israel. They have no problem with the people, organizations or interests supporting those who back Islamists. They claim that American citizens who back their country’s Israeli ally are malign actors working on behalf of foreign influence. Yet they see nothing wrong with the infinitely greater resources being spent in the United States by Islamist nations like Qatar to spread and normalize Jew-hatred.

They aim to drive AIPAC out of American politics, and yet, they take money, as El-Sayed did, from those affiliated with the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), a group not merely openly antisemitic but founded as a front for Hamas. And they seek to isolate and silence those who point to the growing influence of the Muslim Brotherhood, which is linked to CAIR.

All of this illustrates that the anti-Zionism that drives the efforts of a growing cadre of Muslim politicians such as El-Sayed is indistinguishable from a hatred of Jews. El-Sayed explicitly seeks to redefine Judaism and eliminate one of its key elements—love of the land of Israel and its centrality in Jewish life—to clear himself of justified charges of antisemitism.

Democrats keep shifting left

In the last decade since progressives began an effort to wrest control of the Democrats from its establishment after their presidential candidate, Hillary Clinton, was defeated by President Donald Trump, a wave of left-wing candidates have sought to transform the party.

It began not just with the election of the four charter members of the left-wing congressional “Squad” in 2018, but with the refusal of the party establishment to isolate or condemn Tlaib and Omar when they initially engaged in open antisemitism. Then-House Speaker Nancy Pelosi didn’t just prevent the censure of Omar for her now-infamous antisemitic tweet stating, “It’s all about the Benjamins, baby,” referencing money and the lobbying group AIPAC, and analogizing Israel to the Taliban.

In fact, Pelosi went on to pose with them for the cover of Rolling Stone magazine to show that she and Democrats embraced what they rightly saw as politicians who spoke for their party’s base, which were not merely open to socialism but also hated Israel and were hostile to Jews. They were also afraid of being accused of Islamophobia, which in practice in the 21st century isn’t hatred for Islam but a willingness to notice Muslim Jew-hatred.

What matters about those events is that set of choices has informed and explained Democratic Party politics in the years since then.

That’s why in the aftermath of the Hamas-led Palestinian-Arab assault in southern Israel on Oct. 7, 2023, the reaction from so many Democrats has been to turn on the Jewish state. Many Democrats believe that former Vice President Kamala Harris was defeated by Trump in 2024 because she and former President Joe Biden were insufficiently hostile to Israel, despite their hamstringing of the Jewish state’s post-Oct. 7 war effort and slow-walking of arms deliveries.

And it is why the Democratic caucuses in both the House of Representatives and the Senate are now on record as supporting an embargo on aid to Israel, including defensive weapons like the Iron Dome anti-missile system.

Accepting blood libels

They defend this as a reaction to what they claim is the brutality of Israel, but what they are really telling us is something else. They are making clear that the majority of their officeholders, party cadres, liberal mainstream media allies, and academic and cultural thought leaders have accepted the toxic left-wing ideologies that define Jews and Israel as “white” oppressors. This belief that they are always in the wrong, no matter what they do, and that those who wish to destroy the Jewish state are oppressed minorities always in the right is at the heart of the surge of antisemitism since Oct. 7.

That is how blood libels and other fabricated propaganda about Israel committing “genocide” in Gaza, deliberately starving Palestinians or dragging (and even blackmailing) the Trump administration to go to war against Iran have become not so much widely believed on the political left but viewed as unquestionably true.

That is the political eco-system that made possible the rise of someone like El-Sayed. Without it, it would have been unthinkable for a candidate to win a major party nomination for the U.S. Senate via a campaign that was largely based on the idea that the most important challenge facing the American people is the existence of a lobbying group that seeks to promote support for Israel. The fact that AIPAC’s reach and resources are dwarfed by other lobbying groups that represent major industries and that it spends less than leftist mega-donors, like the family of George Soros, on candidates who, among other causes, oppose Israel is dismissed. El-Sayed’s campaign is driven by anti-Jewish bigotry, not concern about campaign finance laws.

Yet beyond the specifics of the efforts to maliciously and falsely portray AIPAC as a sinister group manipulating the system against U.S. interests, there is something more at stake in this debate. Those who single out AIPAC and have shockingly buffaloed most Democrats into saying they won’t take contributions from it or its members are seeking to drive Jews out of the American public square.

Just as bad, Democrats who still claim to support Israel and who don’t condemn AIPAC, like Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.) and Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.), endorsed El-Sayed after the primary. For them, partisanship is more important than opposing antisemitism. That same mindset caused Senate Democrats to boycott a hearing chaired by Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) on the growing influence of the Muslim Brotherhood in the United States and elsewhere.

It is entirely true that part of El-Sayed’s appeal is linked to a hunger for populism and a rejection of failed political establishments across the political spectrum. He is also profiting from the lack of historical memory among so many Americans who are willing to fall for the siren call of far-left economics that he promotes (despite the wealthy health professional’s declaration that he is not a socialist).

His charisma and political skills, and, by contrast, Stevens’s dull political persona, also played a role in the outcome. Though she was a genuine moderate, her ability to marginalize him and fend off his claims that she was the candidate of a “foreign” lobby was also undermined by her fear of alienating anti-Israel and antisemitic sentiment in a party where both were already normalized. Her reflexive criticism of Israel and willingness to acquiesce to the demonization of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu—a now-standard trope of pro-Israel Democrats—also made it difficult to point out that El-Sayed’s positions were as immoral and prejudicial as they were wrongheaded.

Yet even supporters of El-Sayed, like Michelle Goldberg, The New York Times’ anti-Zionist columnist, noted his megalomaniacal tendencies, so typical of hate-mongers, which cause him to believe that those who oppose him can’t be sincere.

A test for 2028

The existence of a large Arab and Muslim-American population in Michigan—and the ubiquity of anti-Jewish prejudice in that particular community—was another factor, though one that hasn’t been replicated in U.S. politics, except in certain circumstances, as Mamdani’s victory in New York City showed.

Still, El-Sayed’s support was largely limited to white privileged voters, along with his Arab and Muslim base. The credentialed elites are the base of the Democratic Party these days, not the working-class voters it once represented and now largely scorns. He did poorly among African-Americans, who are a vital constituency for Democrats. As much as Jews and blacks have split on many issues, convincing African-Americans to buy into the idea that a pro-Israel lobby was the country’s greatest problem was a tough sell.

Nevertheless, the consequences of a campaign that normalizes El-Sayed’s vile tactics will be felt throughout the political system and American discourse.

It remains to be seen whether Rogers will be more effective in pointing out El-Sayed’s extremism. It will also be interesting to see if African-Americans turn out for a candidate with little to say to them in the numbers Democrats need to prevail.

Much attention will also focus on Michigan’s Jewish community, mainly in and around Detroit, which makes up only 1.4% of the state’s electorate. It is still overwhelmingly politically liberal and loyally votes the Democratic ticket. If a significant minority reflexively votes for the Democratic candidate, as was the case with Mamdani in the 2025 New York City mayoral election, regardless of El-Sayed’s contempt for Jewish interests and rights, it will be a sign of the moral collapse of liberal Jewry.

It should be remembered that in March, a domestic terrorist, Ayman Mohamed Ghazali, crashed his pickup truck—loaded with gasoline and commercial fireworks—into Temple Israel, a large Reform synagogue in West Bloomfield Township, Mich. Fortunately, no one was hurt except for the attacker himself, who was shot and killed by law enforcement. El-Sayed rationalized that crime by saying it was understandable since the terrorist was upset about the death of his brother, a Hezbollah commander in Lebanon, who was killed as a result of Israel’s efforts to prevent the Iranian proxy group from attacking their country.

If, rather than a test of the appeal of El-Sayed’s antisemitism, the election hinges on a verdict about the Trump administration, the Democrats may be able to carry their candidate over the finish line. If so, then the problem won’t be just the addition of an antisemite to the Senate. It will be a signal sent to his party as well as the still relatively small minority of Republicans that share his prejudices, that targeting Jews will be both acceptable and good politics in 2028.


Jonathan S. Tobin is editor-in-chief of the Jewish News Syndicate, a senior contributor for The Federalist, a columnist for Newsweek and a contributor to many other publications. He covers the American political scene, foreign policy, the U.S.-Israel relationship, Middle East diplomacy, the Jewish world and the arts. He hosts the JNS “Think Twice” podcast, both the weekly video program and the “Jonathan Tobin Daily” program, which are available on all major audio platforms and YouTube. Previously, he was executive editor, then senior online editor and chief political blogger, for Commentary magazine. Before that, he was editor-in-chief of The Jewish Exponent in Philadelphia and editor of the Connecticut Jewish Ledger. He has won more than 60 awards for commentary, art criticism and other writing. He appears regularly on television, commenting on politics and foreign policy. Born in New York City, he studied history at Columbia University.


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