TV7 Israel News 19.04

TV7 Israel News

On this day 78 years ago, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising broke out

SARAH CHEMLA

It was the first revolt of the Jews during World War II.

Captured Jews pulled out of Warsaw Ghetto bunkers are led by German Waffen SS soldiers to ‘Umschlagplatz,’ the assembly point for deportation.
(photo credit: Wikimedia Commons)

Exactly 78 years ago on April 19, 1943, the uprising of the Warsaw Ghetto in Poland broke out, in a Europe ravaged by ravaged by Nazi Germany.

The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising began on the eve of the Passover holiday, and continued for an entire month until May 16.

It was the first revolt of the Jewish people during World War II. The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising is considered a clear symbol of Jewish resistance during the Holocaust.

Despite having only a few weapons and material, the resistance fighters succeeded in holding their position against the Nazis longer than any other uprising had done.

Two groups fought separately with minimal coordination. There was the leftist Jewish Fighting Organization (JFO) faction, led by Mordechai Anielewicz and other leaders of Hashomer Hatzair (The Young Guard), as well as the right-wing Jewish Military Union (JMU) faction, led by Pawel Frenkiel.

On May 8, when the Germans discovered the large bunker at 18 Mila Street, which served as the JFO’s command center, most of the leaders and dozens of other fighters refused to surrender to the Germans.
Instead, they all swallowed cyanide pills in a massive act of suicide.

Although his body was never uncovered, it is believed that Anielewicz died on that day at Mila 18.

A total of 13,000 Jews died during the revolt, about half of them burnt alive or suffocated.

Foreign Ministers of Israel and Poland, Gabi Ashkenazi and Zbigniew Rao, and Ambassadors of Israel and Poland around the world mobilized for the “Yellow Daffodils” campaign to mark the 78th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

Israel’s Foreign Minister Gabi Ashkenazi mobilized for the “Yellow Daffodils” campaign to mark the 78th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. (Foreign Ministry)

Foreign ministers and ambassadors – more than 50 Polish and Israeli ambassadors, from Brazil to Europe, from Kazakhstan to Vietnam – joined the Daffodil Campaign at the invitation of ELNET, a non-profit organization dedicated to strengthening relations between Europe and Israel based on shared democratic values and strategic interests and were photographed wearing a yellow daffodil on the lapel of their suit.

The campaign is an initiative of the Polin Museum of the History of Polish Jews.

Israel Foreign Ministry @IsraelMFA
Foreign Ministers of Israel & Poland, together with the ambassadors of Israel & Poland around the world, have joined the ‘Yellow Daffodil’ campaign commemorating the anniversary of the #WarsawGhettoUprising, which began #OnThisDay in 1943. #NeverForget

https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/PressRoom/2021/Pages/FM-Ashkenazi-and-Israeli-ambassadors-participate-in-the-Yellow-Daffodil-campaign-19-April-2021.aspx

The yellow daffodil flower was chosen because the late Mark Edelman (1919-2009), the last commander who survived the uprising, received a bouquet of yellow daffodils from an anonymous sender for years on the anniversary of the revolt. .

Following the campaign, hundreds of volunteers in Poland honor the memory of those who fell in the revolt by wearing a yellow daffodil on the anniversary.

In December 2018, Simcha “Kazik” Rotem, a member of the Jewish underground in Warsaw that helped carry out the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, died at the age of 94.

Rotem, who fought alongside JFO leader Anielewicz, was described as the last survivor of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

During the war, Rotem served as a liaison between the bunker inside the ghetto and the underground on the “Aryan” side of the city. Inside he reported to Anielewicz, and on the Aryan side he reported to Yitzhak Zuckerman, codenamed Antek.

On the fifth anniversary of the outbreak of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, April 19, 1948, which took place just 21 days before the State of Israel’s Declaration of Independence and the subsequent attack on Israel by seven Arab armies, the Ghetto Heroes Monument was inaugurated in the Polish capital.

This monument was created by sculptor Nathan Rapoport, who was born in Warsaw and was a member of Hashomer Hatzair, a socialist-Zionist, secular Jewish youth movement in Poland. It is perhaps the most famous Holocaust monument in the world, with more groups on Holocaust trips and tourists holding ceremonies there than at any other location.

Uri Milstein and Tamar Beeri contributed to this report.

Coin from 2nd Temple Mount era found during Tower of David conservation

TOBIAS SIEGAL

Tyrian shekels are often mentioned in historical accounts from the Second Temple Period, but a very few have actually been found.

The Tyre coin recently discovered at the Tower of David Museum.
(photo credit: TAL ROGOVSKY)

In the midst of one of the most comprehensive conservation projects currently taking place in Israel, archeologists in Jerusalem’s Old City discovered a Tyre coin, believed to have been used to pay the Temple tax by pilgrims making their way to the Temple for Passover, Shavuot or Sukkot.

The ancient coin was found inside a box of artifacts originally excavated in the 1980s, when the last conservation project took place at the site.
The box was somehow lost and only discovered recently as part of a well-needed conservation project currently taking place at the Tower of David Museum.

The box included the rare silver coin, called a “Tyre shekel,” which was used during the Second Temple Period and produced in the ancient city of Tyre, where Tyrian shekels were minted from 125 BCE until the outbreak of the Great Revolt in 66 CE.

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Tyrian shekels are often mentioned in historical accounts from the Second Temple Period, but very few have actually been found.

The Tower of David complex, where the exciting finding was made, includes the ancient palace of Herod, where many theologians and historians believe that the trial of Jesus took place. The tallest tower in the complex is called the Phasael Tower, which was the first to be identified as the “Tower of David” in the 5th century CE.

conservation work taking place at the Phasael tower. A wide crack running from top to bottom is threatning the tower’s entire structural integrity. (Credit: Tower of David Museum)

It is that tower that is currently undergoing major conservation. A large crack running from top to bottom is threatening the tower’s entire structural integrity, which has led the conservation team leading the project to expedite its efforts to restore the 2,000-year-old damaged stones.

“The Tower of David is one of the most important structures in Israel, both in terms of its history and location,” said Yotam Carmel, conservation manager at Ken HaTor, the company put in charge of the project. “The last conservation project at the Tower of David was carried out in the 1980s. Since then the citadel has been in desperate need of conservation.”

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Eilat Lieber, director and chief curator of the Tower of David Museum, noted the importance of the conservation project for future generations.
“At this holiday time, we are grateful for this unique opportunity to physically preserve the walls and towers of this ancient site that stood during the time of the Second Temple thousands of years ago, helping to preserve and conserve the site so that it continues to be a beacon in Jerusalem for future generations to come,” Lieber said.

The Tower of David Museum, located in the ancient citadel at the Jaffa Gate entrance to the Old City, will remain open for the general public throughout the year, in accordance with Health Ministry guidelines.

The coin that was recently discovered will be displayed next year in a new and permanent exhibit at the museum.

Yom Ha’Atzmaut 2021

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